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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD and are believed to increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. They are not able to solve the problem and can only treat symptoms if taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication can include a change in blood pressure and heart rate, upset stomach anxiety and tics. Certain teenagers and children who take stimulant drugs experience a minor reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system and the most commonly used drug for treating ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms such as a liquid, chewable tablet as well as a long-acting oral disintegrating tablet, and an extended-release pill. The drug increases the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help to enhance focus. It may also reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate can be a successful treatment for ADHD when combined with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate works by blocking the transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause a small increase in blood pressure and heart rate. Patients with diabetes should be cautious when taking this medication because it can cause rapid increases in blood sugar. Consult your physician if you experience any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate can also trigger Raynaud's phenomenon which causes numbness in the feet and fingers. This is a rare, but serious side result. It is crucial to inform your doctor if these symptoms occur. There is some concerns that methylphenidate may slow children's growth, but this has not been proved to be the situation. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate be sure to monitor the weight and height carefully. If your child is taking a tablet containing methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine, it can be dangerous to children with Phenylketonuria. Ask your doctor about a different methylphenidate formula when you suffer from PKU. Stimulants are often considered to be the first choice treatment for ADHD, but some people have trouble with them. In these cases doctors might prescribe other medications that function similarly. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine. These drugs can last for longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. These drugs are typically taken every day, either twice or three times, but some people might be able take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however they are less effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a non-stimulant ADHD drug that increases concentration while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It's part of a group of drugs known as selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It is a stimulant of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is a favorite choice for both adults and children who prefer a different kind of medication than stimulants such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is crucial to keep in mind that atomoxetine does not work immediately, and it may take up to six weeks for the effects of the medication to become apparent. There is also the possibility of experiencing negative side effects, such as nausea and drowsiness. For most patients the benefits of taking atomoxetine are greater than the risks. The efficacy of atomoxetine has been confirmed in a multisite double-blind placebo-controlled study involving 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine in a daily dose of 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group and the placebo group experienced a decrease in the symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine treatment group had more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However, the improvement was modest (Michelson et al 2001). In a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The group receiving atomoxetine had improved ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale increasing significantly. One patient had to withdraw due to an rash. Three patients also reported temporary digestive symptoms, and one patient reported increased fatigue. Talk to your doctor prior to you begin treatment with atomoxetine. Discuss your medical history, which includes any medications or supplements you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as other over-the-counter medicines. It is especially important to inform your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma, thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor and high blood pressure heart disease or an unusually sudden death. Avoid the use of atomoxetine if you've taken an MAO-inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid in the last 14 days, or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant medication that can improve the symptoms of ADHD. It also helps reduce the impulsivity of children and improve focus. However it doesn't affect the brain in the way stimulants do. Only prescriptions are approved. Your doctor will decide on the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and capsules. It is important to take the medication exactly as directed. If you stop taking it suddenly you could experience withdrawal symptoms. It is usually taken two or three times a day with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dose can range between 100 mg two or three times daily up to 150 mg three or four times a day. The drug is absorbed into the digestive tract and excreted into urine, which means it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. However, it is able to enter the bloodstream and impact other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, making it important to monitor it frequently. In addition to improving the symptoms of ADHD In addition, bupropion may reduce depression. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder. It is accomplished by blocking dopamine receptors inside your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine from entering your brain, which can help stabilize mood. Bupropion can interact with other drugs. Tell your doctor if you're taking any other medications. It's also important to determine whether you suffer from any allergies. Also, avoid caffeine and other stimulants that could make the adverse effects more severe. In a variety of studies, bupropion was compared to placebos for adults suffering from ADHD. These studies produced mixed results, and many were poorly designed. Many of these studies excluded participants with psychiatric co-morbidity. However, the research suggests that bupropion can have a slight impact on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to identify positive outcomes for patients like improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed it is essential to gain a better understanding of the molecular causes of ADHD. This is a greater understanding of the relation between different molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to know how various anti-ADHD agents work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants If the stimulants prescribed to children suffering from ADHD don't work or cause troublesome side effects, doctors may turn to antidepressants as a treatment. These medications, such as imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), help by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to help people concentrate. These older drugs can have serious negative side effects. They are generally only employed when other drugs are not working. The first option for antidepressants in depression is usually an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, that have been around for a long time, can be used in certain situations. They are also effective in reducing neuropathic pain. They also have a second pain-relieving action that is separate from their antidepressant activity. best adhd medication for adults uk enhance noradrenephrine through inhibiting its reuptake, and also act as antagonists of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. In addition, they're safer during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic in animals or humans. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if they are stopped abruptly. To lessen the negative adverse effects, your physician might suggest reducing the dosage gradually over a period of several weeks. Bupropion, a common antidepressant prescribed off-label to treat ADHD however, it is not FDA approved as a drug for adhd. It is believed to be effective by increasing neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It's also known to relieve anxiety and can be utilized in conjunction with stimulants for more rapid and sustained results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved nonstimulant medications for ADHD however, many people feel relief through the use of nutritional supplements and herbs. A diet that is low in fat and sugar may also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Some people may also benefit by abstaining from caffeine. It is essential to inform your doctor about all the medications that you or your child uses, including prescription drugs and herbal remedies. This will help prevent interactions and reduce the risk of unwanted side effects. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error to determine the best dosage and drug for your child or yourself.